Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex

Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex (SFMC) is a protein complex formed during the initial stages of blood coagulation. It is a precursor to the insoluble fibrin clot, which plays a crucial role in stopping bleeding and wound healing. The formation of SFMC is a crucial step in the coagulation cascade, as it represents the transition from soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin.

Structure and Formation

SFMC is formed when thrombin, an enzyme in the coagulation cascade, cleaves fibrinogen, a soluble protein found in blood plasma. This cleavage process releases fibrinopeptides from fibrinogen, resulting in the formation of fibrin monomers. These fibrin monomers then spontaneously associate with each other to form the SFMC.

The SFMC is a transient intermediate in the coagulation process, as it rapidly undergoes further polymerization and cross-linking to form the insoluble fibrin clot. This clot provides a physical barrier to stop bleeding and serves as a scaffold for the recruitment of various cells involved in wound healing.

The Role of Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex in Diagnostics

The level of soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) in the blood is an important indicator in the diagnosis of various conditions related to blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. SFMC is formed during the early stages of blood clot formation and its elevated levels may indicate an increased risk of thrombosis or other coagulation disorders.

Indications for Ordering the SFMC Test

The SFMC test is ordered to evaluate the risk of thrombotic events, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, or stroke. It can be useful in the following situations:

• Monitoring anticoagulant therapy: Patients receiving anticoagulant treatment may have their SFMC levels measured to assess the effectiveness of the therapy and adjust dosages if necessary.
• Evaluation of thrombotic risk: Individuals with a history of thrombosis or who have risk factors for thrombotic events, such as immobilization, surgery, or certain medical conditions, may benefit from SFMC testing to assess their risk.
• Diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): Elevated SFMC levels can be indicative of DIC, a life-threatening condition characterized by widespread clotting and bleeding.
• Monitoring of fibrinolytic therapy: SFMC levels can be used to monitor the effectiveness of fibrinolytic drugs used to dissolve existing blood clots.

Preparation for the Test

The preparation for the Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex test is relatively simple and does not require any special measures. However, there are a few recommendations that should be considered:

• Dietary Restrictions: In most cases, you can take the test without fasting or after meals. However, in some situations (e.g., during a comprehensive blood test), an 8-12 hour fast before the test may be required.
• Avoiding Physical Exertion: It is advisable to avoid strenuous physical activity the day before the test, as it may affect the results.
• Abstaining from Alcohol and Smoking: It is recommended to refrain from consuming alcohol and smoking a day before the test, as these can influence the test results.
• Maintaining Hydration: Proper hydration is important to facilitate the blood draw procedure. Dehydration can make the venipuncture process more difficult.
• Informing the Doctor about Medications: Some medications can affect the test results. It is essential to inform the doctor about any medications you are taking.

Test Procedure

The blood sample for the Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex test is typically taken from a vein in the arm, usually at the inside of the elbow. The procedure takes a few minutes and is performed by a healthcare professional. After the venipuncture, minor bleeding or bruising may occur, which typically resolves on its own within a few days.

Turnaround Time

1 working day, excluding the day of sample collection.

Several factors may influence the results of the Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex test, distorting them or leading to incorrect interpretation. Here are some of the most significant factors:

• Hydration Status: The level of hydration can affect the concentration of the measured components in the blood. Dehydration may lead to an artificially elevated result, while excessive fluid intake can cause a false decrease.
• Medications: Certain medications may interfere with the test results, either increasing or decreasing the measured values.
• Physical Activity: Intense physical activity prior to the test may temporarily alter the test results.
• Time of Day: The test results may slightly vary throughout the day.
• Laboratory Conditions: Strict adherence to laboratory standards is crucial for accurate test results.

Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complex (SFMC) is a biomarker used to assess the activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in various clinical conditions. The analysis of SFMC is typically performed as part of a comprehensive evaluation of hemostatic disorders or thrombotic events.

The test involves measuring the levels of SFMC in plasma samples using immunoassay techniques. Elevated levels of SFMC can indicate increased fibrin formation and clot dissolution, which may be associated with conditions such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), thrombosis, or other coagulation disorders.

The determination of SFMC levels is valuable in the diagnosis and monitoring of various coagulation-related conditions, providing insights into the underlying pathophysiological processes. However, interpretation of the results should be done in conjunction with other relevant clinical and laboratory data.

Sources:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5975135/
https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/136/Supplement%201/27/472810/Evaluation-of-Soluble-Fibrin-Monomer-Complex-in
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrin_monomer
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ejh.13738

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any symptoms or a worsening of a condition, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnostic tests and treatment recommendations. Only a qualified specialist can provide an accurate diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of treatment. To ensure the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them performed at the same laboratory, as different laboratories may use varying methods and units of measurement for similar tests.