Diaminooxidaza (DAO)

Diaminooxidase (DAO)

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

Diaminooxidase (DAO) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of histamine and other biogenic amines. It is primarily found in the intestinal mucosa, placenta, and kidneys. DAO is responsible for breaking down ingested histamine, which is present in various foods, particularly aged or fermented products.

Structure and Functions of Diaminooxidase

DAO is a homodimeric enzyme, meaning it consists of two identical subunits. Each subunit contains a copper ion and a quinone cofactor, which are essential for its catalytic activity. The primary function of DAO is to catalyze the oxidative deamination of histamine, converting it into an imidazole acetaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia.

By breaking down histamine, DAO plays a crucial role in maintaining histamine homeostasis in the body. Histamine is involved in various physiological processes, including inflammation, allergic responses, and gastric acid secretion. Proper regulation of histamine levels by DAO is essential for preventing adverse effects associated with excessive histamine accumulation.

The Role of Diaminooxidase (DAO)

Diaminooxidase (DAO) is an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of histamine and other biogenic amines. It plays a crucial role in regulating histamine levels in the body. Histamine is a chemical messenger involved in various physiological processes, including immune responses, gastric acid secretion, and inflammation.

Indications for DAO Testing

DAO testing is recommended in the following situations:

• Diagnosis of histamine intolerance: Histamine intolerance is a condition characterized by an inability to break down and excrete histamine effectively, leading to an accumulation of histamine in the body. Symptoms may include digestive issues, headaches, skin rashes, and respiratory problems.
• Monitoring conditions with histamine imbalance: Certain medical conditions, such as inflammatory bowel diseases, mastocytosis, and allergic disorders, can be associated with imbalances in histamine levels. DAO testing can help monitor these conditions and guide treatment decisions.
• Evaluation of digestive issues: Low DAO levels may contribute to digestive problems, including bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, as histamine can affect gut motility and permeability.
• Assessment of dietary factors: Certain foods, such as aged cheeses, fermented products, and alcohol, are high in histamine content. DAO testing can help identify individuals who may benefit from a low-histamine diet.

Preparation for the Diaminooxidase (DAO) Analysis Procedure

The preparation for the Diaminooxidase (DAO) analysis is relatively simple and does not require any special measures. However, there are a few recommendations to consider:

• Dietary Considerations: In most cases, the blood sample for the DAO analysis can be taken regardless of whether you are fasting or have eaten. However, if the analysis is part of a comprehensive biochemical blood test, you may need to fast for 8-12 hours before the blood draw.
• Avoid Physical Exertion: It is advisable to avoid intense physical activity on the day before the analysis, as it may affect the test results.
• Abstain from Alcohol and Smoking: Refrain from consuming alcohol and smoking for at least one day prior to the analysis, as these activities can influence the DAO levels and other blood parameters.
• Maintain Hydration: Proper hydration is important to facilitate the blood draw process. Insufficient fluid intake can make the venipuncture procedure more challenging.
• Inform Your Doctor about Medications: Certain medications may affect the DAO levels and other blood parameters. Be sure to inform your doctor about any medications you are taking.

Procedure for the DAO Analysis

The blood sample for the DAO analysis is typically drawn from a vein in the inner elbow region. The procedure takes a few minutes and is performed by a trained medical professional. After the venipuncture, you may experience slight bleeding or bruising at the site, which usually resolves on its own within a few days.

Sources:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308327/
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/dao-supplement
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859183/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamine_oxidase
https://www.webmd.com/allergies/what-to-know-about-diamine-oxidase-histamine-intolerance
https://www.drhagmeyer.com/histamine-intolerance-how-certain-foods-can-help-boost-dao-levels/
https://www.jillcarnahan.com/2018/03/19/boost-your-dao-levels-to-fight-histamine/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamine_oxidase

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any symptoms or a worsening of a condition, it is essential to seek medical attention for proper diagnostic tests and treatment. Only a qualified healthcare professional can accurately diagnose and determine the appropriate course of treatment. To ensure the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them performed at the same laboratory, as different laboratories may use varying methods and units of measurement for similar tests.