Adrenocorticotropic hormone, ACTH

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

ACTH, or Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. It plays a crucial role in regulating the function of the adrenal glands, which are small endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys. ACTH stimulates the outer layer of the adrenal glands, called the adrenal cortex, to produce and release various hormones, including cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens.

Structure and Functions of ACTH

ACTH is a peptide hormone composed of 39 amino acids. It is synthesized and secreted by the corticotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland in response to various stimuli, including stress, low blood sugar levels, and circadian rhythms.

Component	Description
Amino Acids	ACTH consists of 39 amino acids arranged in a specific sequence.
Origin	Produced by the corticotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
Target Organ	Adrenal cortex (outer layer of the adrenal glands).

ACTH plays a vital role in regulating the production and release of cortisol, a hormone involved in various physiological processes, including stress response, metabolism, and immune function. It also stimulates the production of aldosterone, which helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance in the body.

The provided information aims to give a general overview of ACTH, its structure, and its main functions. It is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for accurate interpretation and understanding of ACTH levels and any potential implications.

The Role of ACTH

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays a crucial role in the regulation of the adrenal glands and the production of cortisol, a vital hormone involved in various physiological processes. ACTH is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in the brain, and it stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol into the bloodstream.

Indications for ACTH Testing

The ACTH test is typically ordered to evaluate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is responsible for regulating the body's stress response and cortisol production. Indications for ACTH testing may include:

• Suspected disorders of the adrenal glands, such as Cushing's syndrome (excess cortisol production) or Addison's disease (insufficient cortisol production)
• Evaluation of pituitary gland function, as ACTH is produced by the pituitary
• Monitoring of certain treatments or conditions that may affect the HPA axis, such as steroid therapy or pituitary tumors
• Diagnosis of ectopic ACTH syndrome, where ACTH is produced by a non-pituitary tumor

Preparation for the ACTH Test

The procedure for taking an ACTH test generally requires minimal preparation. However, there are a few recommendations to consider:

• Fasting: In most cases, you can take the ACTH test without fasting. However, if the test is part of a more comprehensive blood panel, you may need to fast for 8-12 hours before the test.
• Avoiding physical exertion: It is advisable to avoid strenuous physical activity for a day before the test, as it may affect the results.
• Abstaining from alcohol and smoking: Refrain from consuming alcohol and smoking for at least 24 hours before the test, as these can potentially influence the test results.
• Maintaining hydration: Ensuring proper hydration can facilitate the blood draw process. Dehydration may make it more difficult to locate a suitable vein for the venipuncture.
• Informing your healthcare provider about medications: Certain medications can interfere with the ACTH test results. It is crucial to inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

Procedure for the ACTH Test

The ACTH test typically involves drawing blood from a vein, usually in the arm's crease. The procedure is performed by a trained healthcare professional and takes only a few minutes. After the venipuncture, you may experience minor bleeding or bruising at the puncture site, which should resolve within a few days.

Sources:

https://www.healthline.com/health/acth
https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/acth-test
https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/adrenocorticotropic-hormone-acth/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500031/
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23151-adrenocorticotropic-hormone-acth
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenocorticotropic_hormone
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/acth-hormone

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any symptoms or a flare-up of a condition, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnostic tests and treatment. Only a qualified specialist can accurately diagnose and recommend appropriate treatment. To obtain the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them done at the same laboratory. This is because different laboratories may use varying methods and units of measurement for similar tests.