Placement of a self-expandable metal stent in TDI (without the cost of the stent and delivery system)

Placement Of A Self-Expandable Metal Stent In Tdi (Without The Cost Of The Stent And Delivery System)

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A self-expandable metal stent is a small, mesh-like tube that is commonly used in various medical procedures to maintain the patency (openness) of narrowed or blocked areas within the body. It is designed to expand and provide support to the surrounding tissue, preventing further narrowing or collapse of the affected area.

Structure and Function

Self-expandable metal stents are typically made from materials such as nitinol (a nickel-titanium alloy) or stainless steel. These materials have shape memory properties, allowing the stent to be compressed for delivery and then self-expand to its predetermined size and shape once in place.

The stent is usually introduced into the body using a delivery system, such as a catheter or a specialized deployment device. Once positioned correctly, the stent is released from the delivery system and expands to its full diameter, providing structural support to the surrounding tissue.

Self-expandable metal stents are commonly used in various medical procedures, such as treating narrowed or blocked arteries, maintaining the patency of bile ducts, or supporting the airway in cases of tracheal stenosis or other respiratory conditions.

Role of Placement of a Self-Expandable Metal Stent in TDI

The placement of a self-expandable metal stent in the trachea or bronchi is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat obstructions or narrowing of the airways. It aims to restore airflow and improve breathing in patients with various respiratory conditions, such as lung cancer, tracheal stenosis, or extrinsic compression from tumors or lymph nodes.

Indications for Placement of a Self-Expandable Metal Stent in TDI

The placement of a self-expandable metal stent in the trachea or bronchi may be indicated in the following situations:

• Airway obstruction caused by lung cancer or other malignant tumors
• Tracheal or bronchial stenosis due to benign conditions, such as granulomatous diseases or post-intubation injuries
• Extrinsic compression of the airways by surrounding tumors or enlarged lymph nodes
• Fistulas or perforations of the trachea or bronchi
• Palliative management of advanced-stage lung cancer or other end-stage respiratory diseases

Preparation for the Procedure

The preparation for the placement of a self-expandable metal stent in the trachea or bronchus typically involves the following steps:

• Fasting: Patients may be asked to fast for several hours before the procedure to reduce the risk of aspiration during sedation or anesthesia.
• Medication Adjustments: Patients may need to temporarily stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners, to reduce the risk of bleeding during the procedure.
• Diagnostic Tests: Prior to the procedure, patients may undergo various diagnostic tests, such as CT scans, bronchoscopy, or pulmonary function tests, to assess the location and extent of the airway obstruction.
• Informed Consent: Patients will be provided with detailed information about the procedure, its risks, and potential complications, and they will be asked to sign an informed consent form.
• Sedation or Anesthesia: Depending on the patient's condition and the complexity of the procedure, sedation or general anesthesia may be administered to ensure patient comfort and safety during the procedure.

The Procedure

The placement of a self-expandable metal stent in the trachea or bronchus is typically performed under fluoroscopic guidance (real-time X-ray imaging) or bronchoscopic guidance. The procedure involves the following steps:

1. Access: The physician will gain access to the airway, either through the mouth or nose (for bronchoscopy) or through a small incision in the neck (for fluoroscopy-guided procedures).
2. Stent Placement: Using specialized instruments, the compressed self-expandable metal stent is guided to the desired location within the airway. Once in place, the stent is released and expands, providing structural support and maintaining an open airway.
3. Positioning and Adjustment: The physician may need to adjust the position of the stent or deploy additional stents to ensure proper airway patency.
4. Post-Procedure Care: After the procedure, patients may be monitored for any potential complications and provided with instructions for post-procedure care and follow-up appointments.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-expandable_metallic_stent
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-76779-8
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-60566-6
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/self-expandable-metallic-stent
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-expandable_metallic_stent
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5461307/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-27767-1
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/self-expandable-metallic-stent

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any pain or exacerbation of an illness, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnostic tests and treatment. Only a qualified specialist can accurately diagnose and determine the appropriate treatment. To ensure the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them conducted at the same laboratory. This is because different laboratories may use different methods and units of measurement for similar tests.