Pneumology

Pulmonology is a specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the respiratory system. The organs involved in pulmonology include the lungs, bronchi, trachea, pleura, and diaphragm, all of which play an essential role in respiration.

The respiratory system ensures oxygenation of the body and the removal of carbon dioxide, a process vital for maintaining cellular functions. The lungs facilitate gas exchange through the alveoli, while the bronchi and trachea transport inhaled and exhaled air. The diaphragm and respiratory muscles contribute to the mechanics of breathing, allowing lung expansion and contraction. Additionally, the respiratory system plays a role in protecting the body against pathogens through mucus production and filtering mechanisms.

Diseases treated by a pulmonologist:

• Lungs – pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis;
• Bronchi – bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis;
• Pleura – pleuritis, pneumothorax;
• Apnea and sleep-related breathing disorders – obstructive sleep apnea syndrome;
• Respiratory infections and interstitial lung diseases.