Anti-streptolysin O titer, ASOT

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST or ASL-O)

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST or ASL-O) is an enzyme found in various tissues of the body, particularly in the liver, heart, skeletal muscles, kidneys, and brain. It plays a crucial role in the metabolism of amino acids, facilitating the transfer of an amino group from aspartate to alpha-ketoglutarate, forming oxaloacetate and glutamate.

Functions and Significance

AST is present in high concentrations in liver cells, and its level in the bloodstream can increase when there is damage or injury to the liver. However, it's important to note that elevated AST levels can also occur due to conditions affecting other organs, such as heart attack, muscle injury, or certain neurological disorders.

AST is involved in various metabolic processes, including the breakdown of proteins and the generation of energy through the citric acid cycle. While elevated AST levels alone are not diagnostic of a specific condition, they can be an indicator of tissue damage or dysfunction, particularly in the liver or heart.

Role of Asl-O

Asl-O (Anti-Streptolysin O) is an antibody produced by the body in response to an infection caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria. It plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of streptococcal infections and their complications, such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis.

Indications for Asl-O Test

The Asl-O test is typically ordered in the following circumstances:

• Suspected streptococcal infection: The test may be recommended if a patient exhibits symptoms like sore throat, fever, or skin rash, which could indicate a streptococcal infection.
• Diagnosis of rheumatic fever: Elevated Asl-O levels can help diagnose rheumatic fever, a potential complication of untreated streptococcal infections.
• Monitoring of glomerulonephritis: Asl-O levels can be monitored in cases of glomerulonephritis, a kidney disorder that may occur after a streptococcal infection.
• Screening for recurrent streptococcal infections: Patients with a history of frequent streptococcal infections may undergo regular Asl-O testing to detect early signs of recurrence.

Preparation for the Procedure

The procedure for providing a blood sample to determine the level of Asl-O is relatively simple and does not require special preparation. However, there are a few recommendations to keep in mind:

• Dietary Regimen: In most cases, the Asl-O blood test can be taken whether fasting or after a meal. However, in some situations (e.g., during a comprehensive biochemical blood analysis), an 8-12 hour fast before the blood draw may be required.
• Avoiding Physical Exertion: It is advisable to avoid intense physical activity on the day before the test, as it may affect the results.
• Abstaining from Alcohol and Smoking: Refraining from alcohol consumption and smoking for a day prior to the test is recommended, as these activities can influence the level of Asl-O and other blood parameters.
• Maintaining Hydration: Maintaining proper hydration levels is essential for facilitating the blood draw procedure. Inadequate fluid intake may make the venipuncture process more difficult.
• Informing Healthcare Providers about Medications: Some medications can affect the level of Asl-O and other blood parameters. Therefore, it is crucial to inform the healthcare provider about all medications being taken.

The Procedure

The blood draw for the Asl-O test is typically performed from a vein located in the antecubital fossa (the inside of the elbow). The procedure takes a few minutes and is carried out by a healthcare professional. After the venipuncture, there may be a slight bleeding or bruising, which usually resolves on its own within a few days.

About the ASO Test

The anti-streptolysin O (ASO) test is a blood test used to detect antibodies produced by the body in response to a recent group A streptococcal infection, such as strep throat or scarlet fever. It measures the level of antibodies directed against the enzyme streptolysin O, which is produced by group A streptococcal bacteria.

The ASO test is often performed along with other antibody tests, like the anti-deoxyribonuclease B (Anti-DNase B) test, to aid in the diagnosis of streptococcal infections, particularly in cases where the initial symptoms have subsided. The test is valuable in identifying individuals at risk for rheumatic fever or other post-streptococcal complications, as elevated ASO titers can indicate a recent or ongoing streptococcal infection.

Sources:

https://www.ucsfhealth.org/medical-tests/antistreptolysin-o-titer
https://www.healthline.com/health/antistreptolysin-o-titer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-streptolysin_O
https://www.drugs.com/cg/antistreptolysin-o.html
https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=strep_aso_titer_blood
https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/what-to-know-antistreptolysin-o-titer
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003522.htm

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any symptoms or a flare-up of a condition, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for diagnostic tests and appropriate treatment. Only a qualified specialist can provide an accurate diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment. To ensure the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have them performed at the same laboratory. This is because different laboratories may use various methods and units of measurement for similar tests.