C-reactive protein, CRP

C-reactive Protein (CRP)

We remind you that independent interpretation of the results is unacceptable, the information provided below is for reference purposes only.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation. It is a critical component of the acute phase response, a physiological process that occurs in the body during infection, injury, or other inflammatory conditions.

Structure and Function of CRP

CRP is a ring-shaped pentameric protein composed of five identical non-glycosylated subunits. Each subunit has a molecular weight of approximately 23 kDa, resulting in a total molecular weight of around 115 kDa for the entire CRP molecule.

The primary function of CRP is to bind to damaged cells and pathogens, marking them for recognition and elimination by the immune system. This process helps the body's defense mechanisms to identify and neutralize potential threats more efficiently.

CRP levels in the blood can rise dramatically during acute inflammatory conditions, making it a valuable biomarker for detecting and monitoring inflammation. However, it is important to note that elevated CRP levels are non-specific and can be observed in various inflammatory conditions, including infections, autoimmune disorders, and certain cancers.

The Role of CRP

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein produced by the liver in response to inflammation or infection in the body. Its level in the blood serves as a marker for detecting and monitoring inflammatory conditions. CRP plays a crucial role in the body's immune response and can provide valuable insights into various health conditions.

Indications for CRP Testing

CRP testing is recommended in a variety of clinical situations to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory conditions. The test may be ordered in the following circumstances:

• Evaluation of inflammatory conditions: CRP levels can help assess the presence and severity of inflammation associated with conditions such as infections, autoimmune disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.
• Monitoring of treatment response: CRP levels can be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for inflammatory conditions, as levels should decrease with successful treatment.
• Screening for cardiovascular disease risk: Elevated CRP levels have been linked to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attack and stroke.
• Differential diagnosis: CRP testing can help differentiate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions when combined with other diagnostic tests.

Preparation for the CRP Test Procedure

The procedure for taking a blood sample to determine the CRP level is relatively simple and does not require special preparation measures. However, there are a few recommendations that should be considered:

• Fasting: In most cases, a blood test for CRP can be done either fasting or after eating. However, in some situations (e.g., during a comprehensive biochemical blood analysis), an 8-12 hour fast before the blood draw may be required.
• Avoiding physical exertion: The day before the test, it is advisable to avoid intense physical activity, as it may affect the test results.
• Avoiding alcohol and smoking: Abstaining from alcohol and smoking for a day before the test is recommended, as it can influence the CRP level and other blood parameters.
• Maintaining hydration: Proper hydration levels are essential for facilitating the blood draw procedure. Inadequate fluid intake may make the venipuncture process more difficult.
• Informing the physician about medications: Some medications may affect the CRP level and other blood parameters. It is crucial to inform the doctor about all the medications being taken.

The Test Procedure

Blood for the CRP test is usually drawn from a vein located in the antecubital fossa (inner elbow region). The procedure takes a few minutes and is performed by a healthcare professional. After the venipuncture, slight bleeding or bruising may occur, which typically resolves on its own within a few days.

Sources:

https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/c-reactive-protein-test
https://www.healthline.com/health/c-reactive-protein
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/23056-c-reactive-protein-crp-test
https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/c-reactive-protein-crp-test/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/c-reactive-protein-test/about/pac-20385228
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-reactive_protein
https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/guide/heart-disease-c-reactive-protein-crp-testing

IMPORTANT!

It is crucial to remember that the information provided in this section is not intended for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. If you experience any pain or worsening of a condition, it is essential to seek medical attention and consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnostic testing. Only a licensed medical professional can make an accurate diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment plan. For the most accurate and consistent evaluation of test results, it is recommended to have tests performed at the same laboratory. Different laboratories may use varying methods and units of measurement for similar tests, which can lead to inconsistencies in results.